{"id":3315,"date":"2025-05-19T15:21:45","date_gmt":"2025-05-19T08:21:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/?p=3315"},"modified":"2025-05-19T15:23:51","modified_gmt":"2025-05-19T08:23:51","slug":"tinh-trang-khang-thuoc-khang-sinh-nhom-beta-lactam-cua-vi-khuan-gay-benh-tren-thuy-san-thuc-trang-va-giai-phap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/tinh-trang-khang-thuoc-khang-sinh-nhom-beta-lactam-cua-vi-khuan-gay-benh-tren-thuy-san-thuc-trang-va-giai-phap\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh nh\u00f3m Beta-Lactam c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n: th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0nh nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n. Trong \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ng sinh beta-lactam, bao g\u1ed3m penicillin, cephalosporin, … t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

I. TH\u1ef0C TR\u1ea0NG S\u1eec D\u1ee4NG KH\u00c1NG SINH TRONG NU\u00d4I TR\u1ed2NG TH\u1ee6Y S\u1ea2N \u1ede VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/h2>\n

1. Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h3>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00f4m, c\u00e1 tra, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay ngh\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh cho v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y, d\u00f9 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, \u0111ang ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro do thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng: Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 72% c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u00f4m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t: Vi\u1ec7c mua b\u00e1n thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n nay di\u1ec5n ra ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i t\u1ef1 \u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n v\u1eabn \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra: Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 Chloramphenicol, Enrofloxacin v\u1eabn b\u1ecb t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n khi ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu c\u01a1 th\u1ecbt c\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng theo li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian ng\u01b0ng thu\u1ed1c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n khi thu ho\u1ea1ch. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

2. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n

Kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh: Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi khu\u1ea9n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: Kh\u00e1ng sinh d\u01b0 th\u1eeba t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed3n d\u01b0 trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m: S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9a d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

II. KH\u00c1NG THU\u1ed0C KH\u00c1NG SINH C\u1ee6A VI KHU\u1ea8N G\u00c2Y B\u1ec6NH<\/h2>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh trong th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ng sinh beta-lactam.<\/p>\n

1. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh nh\u00f3m beta-lactam tr\u00ean th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n

1.1 Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n<\/h4>\n

L\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh: Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh nh\u00f3m beta-lactam bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m penicillin nh\u01b0 Amoxicillin, Ampicillin v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m Cephalosporin nh\u01b0 Cephalexin, Cefotaxim, Cefuroxim qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

Truy\u1ec1n gen kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c: Vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n gen kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng qua plasmid, l\u00e0m lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: D\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

\"Chuy\u00ean

Chuy\u00ean gia GREENFEED t\u00ecm v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/p><\/div>\n

\"H\u00ecnh

Chuy\u00ean gia GREENFEED t\u00ecm v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/p><\/div>\n

1.2 C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c nh\u00f3m beta-lactam c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n<\/h4>\n

Vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng nh\u00f3m Beta-lactam trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng sinh Amoxiccilin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ng sinh b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng nhi\u1ec1u trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n qua nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebft enzyme Beta-lactamase: Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 enzyme Beta-lactamase, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00f2ng Beta-lactam c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh nh\u00f3m beta-lactam, l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi khu\u1ea9n ti\u1ebft enzyme m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c enzyme \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Carbapenemase, g\u00e2y kh\u00e1ng c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 Carbapenem. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft, gan th\u1eadn m\u1ee7 tr\u00ean c\u00e1 nh\u01b0 Edwardsiella ictaluri, Aeromonas hydrophila, Flavobacterium columnare,…<\/em><\/p>\n

Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng (PBP – Penicillin Binding Protein): M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi khu\u1ea9n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/em>, Aeromonas <\/em>ssp., Vibrio <\/em>ssp., v\u00e0\u00a0Pseudomonas<\/em>\u00a0ssp) thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng sinh l\u00ean protein m\u00e0ng, khi\u1ebfn Beta-lactam kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1eafn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 Amoxicillin \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c protein g\u1eafn penicillin. Vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a PBPs, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u00e1i l\u1ef1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Amoxicillin t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m m\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0i: Vi khu\u1ea9n Gram \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t \u0111i c\u00e1c k\u00eanh porin (k\u00eanh m\u00e0ng), khi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Vi khu\u1ea9n Gram \u00e2m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1 g\u1ed3m Edwardsiella tarda, Aeromonas hydrophila, Flavobacterium columnare<\/em> c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh Amoxiccilin nh\u1edd gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m m\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

B\u01a1m \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u00e1ng sinh (Efflux pump): M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u00e1ng sinh ra ngo\u00e0i, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 thu\u1ed1c trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n gen kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng qua plasmid ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0m lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c trong qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

1.3 T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n<\/h4>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb: Vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh tr\u1edf n\u00ean k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ebft cao. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m beta-lactam \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n cho th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 Amoxiccilin \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00ec s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng sau m\u1ed9t hai ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t hai l\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb do vi khu\u1ea9n nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ng sinh n\u00e0y sau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft ra ti\u1ebft enzyme Beta-lactamase kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh Amoxiccilin.<\/p>\n

T\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan b\u1ec7nh: Vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong ao nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan r\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng qua c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n gen kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t b\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh ngay sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

\"T\u1ef7

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1 ch\u1ebft cao do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/p><\/div>\n

\"T\u1ef7

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1 ch\u1ebft cao do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/p><\/div>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Gia t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb: K\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u1ea5p l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 hao h\u1ee5t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 lan r\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 hao h\u1ee5t.<\/p>\n

T\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: Do ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00eam kh\u00e1ng sinh, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00e1i th\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

M\u1ea5t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u: \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn uy t\u00edn ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i do ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho ph\u00e9p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nghi\u00eam v\u1ec1 d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1ed3n l\u01b0u trong th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 EU, M\u1ef9, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc: Kh\u00e1ng sinh th\u1ea3i ra ao nu\u00f4i, theo n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i, t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong b\u00f9n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i th\u1ee7y sinh.<\/p>\n

Lan truy\u1ec1n gen kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c: Gen kh\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i vi khu\u1ea9n th\u00f4ng qua plasmid, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ph\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng vi sinh v\u1eadt: G\u00e2y m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 sinh v\u1eadt trong ao nu\u00f4i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i vi khu\u1ea9n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c qua th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ebfu \u0103n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9a m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed3n d\u01b0 kh\u00e1ng sinh trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: G\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, ho\u1eb7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

T\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u: Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 gen kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (AMR \u2013 antimicrobial resistance).<\/p>\n

III. GI\u1ea2I PH\u00c1P GI\u1ea2M THI\u1ec2U T\u00c1C \u0110\u1ed8NG C\u1ee6A KH\u00c1NG KH\u00c1NG SINH<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 nu\u00f4i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p theo t\u1eebng lo\u00e0i, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc,… \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0ng khi d\u1ecbch x\u1ea3y ra th\u00ec bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u00eat h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, hi\u1ec7n nay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vaccin ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh do Edwarsiella<\/em> ssp., Aeromonas <\/em>ssp., Streptococcus <\/em>ssp., … l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng men vi sinh , ch\u1ea5t t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, th\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i acid h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

2. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/h3>\n

Trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng Amoxiccilin c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m beta-lactam, c\u00f4ng ty GREENFEED c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m GREEN-AMOX v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Amoxiccilin 50% v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn AQUAMED h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft cho t\u1eebng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

\"T\u00e0i

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m GREEN-AMOX c\u00f4ng ty GREENFEED ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p><\/div>\n

\"T\u00e0i

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m GREEN-AMOX c\u00f4ng ty GREENFEED ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p><\/div>\n

    \n
  • Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: Kh\u00e1ng sinh nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
  • Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c th\u00fa y th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n DONAVET c\u1ee7a GREENFEED \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ph\u00f2ng pha ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00fang quy chu\u1ea9n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 chuy\u00ean gia kinh nghi\u1ec7m, quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n
  • Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m: Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0nh. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u00fang nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: Nhanh \u2013 M\u1ea1nh \u2013 L\u00e2u. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean s\u1ebd t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 theo s\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u00e1 h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, ghi nh\u1eadn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn AQUAMED. Qua \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u1ec1 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, li\u1ec7u tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ng\u01b0ng c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thu ho\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n
  • Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh: C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 l\u1ed3i m\u1eaft, tr\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi, \u0111\u1ee5c m\u1eaft, n\u1ed5 m\u1eaft tr\u00ean c\u00e1 ch\u1ebdm, \u0111en m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean c\u00e1 r\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed3ng, qu\u1eb9o c\u1ed5, tr\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean \u1ebfch do li\u00ean c\u1ea7u khu\u1ea9n Streptococcus<\/em> sp. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, b\u1ec7nh t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 g\u1eedi v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn AQUAMED nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ed9i ch\u1ea9n v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m GREEN-AMOX. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t khi chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 do d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean t\u1eebng ao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh (AMR – Antimicrobial Resistance) trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh x\u1ea3y ra khi vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng r\u1ea3i kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i v\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 nu\u00f4i, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t nu\u00f4i, gi\u1ea3m l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3318,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[582,584,145],"class_list":["post-3315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-lieu-ky-thuat","tag-beta-lactam","tag-khang-thuoc-khang-sinh","tag-thuy-san-viet-nam"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3315","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3315"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3315\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3325,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3315\/revisions\/3325"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3318"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3315"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenfeed.com.vn\/thuy-san\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}